OpenZFS, it turns out, can react very poorly to a reshuffling of the disks. In one zpool I had six disks, arranged as 3 mirrored VDEVs, physically arranged in two external enclosures. One of the enclosure has 4 slots, the other 2. Two of the VDEVs were in one enclosure, the third in the second. This isn’t ideal: one enclosure failure will offline the whole zpool. To fix this, I got ahold of another 4 slot enclosure to spread the VDEVs around. That’s when things went a little fucky.